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PCB Design
Kramer-Kronig’s Relationship to PCBs
The Kramer Kronig relationship is basically a way to go back and forth from the real and imaginary parts of a function. That’s it. So when someone says “blah blah blah must conform to the Kramer-Kronig relationship”, it’s a statement that is stating the obvious. Similar statements are, dogs must be part of the canine family and thus canis genus or petrol must have come from petroleum deposit on earth. Both correct and mildly interesting
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Long Range WiFi for Remote Sensors and Connectivity
If you need to have network access from sensors which need more than a little bandwidth, cellular can get quite expensive. There are quite a few long-range wireless systems that are targeted towards sensors, however, trade bandwidth for range. If you need to stream video, send pictures, or have a constant stream of data from a range of sensors these wireless links might not be suitable. WiFi has rather limited range by comparison but does have
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Requirements Management and Quality Functional Deployment
“Ending up in the wrong place is the result of bad directions, not bad driving. Product failure in the marketplace results from errors in requirements, not implementation.” - Thomas L. Musto, Chairman, IBM Corporation (Retired) A definition of QFD: Quality-Functional-Deployment (QFD) [literal translation of the Japanese characters] is an analytical method to help you transform customer needs (the voice of the customer [VOC]) into engineering
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Changing PCB Reference Planes During Routing in Multilayer Boards
Vias with annular rings for reaching an interior PCB layer If you’re a new designer and you take a look at some boards in common electronic products, you may not even realize they are multilayer boards unless you know exactly where to look. The fact is that more complex devices simply do not allow every single trace to be placed on a surface layer, thus signals must be routed within an interior layer in order to make the desired connections. With
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Why Doesn’t Every Application Use Rigid Flex Technology?
Why Doesn’t Every Application Use Rigid Flex Technology? Good Question! Rigid-flex technology is a hybrid between rigid boards and flexible circuits,m combing the most favorable aspects of both. The flexible portion helps solve space, weight, and packaging issues because it can bend, fold, and flex in either installation (flex to install) or end use (dynamic flex). The rigid portion supports dense component areas, allowing higher layer counts
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PCB FR-4 Materials Are Not All The Same
In the PCB industry, “FR-4”.is a common designation for laminate materials. To a certain extent, FR-4 as a specific type of laminate is one of the many myths promulgated throughout the industry. This blog will address the history the term FR-4, what it really means, the various quantifiers associated with it, and the characteristic issues of concern when selecting design-specific laminates. The Origins of FR-4 If you research FR-4 as a term
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Scope Your PCB Design Data Management System for Success
One of my favorite quotes from Zig Ziglar is “Success means doing the best we can with what we have. Success is the doing, not the getting; in the trying, not the triumph. Success is a personal standard, reaching for the highest that is in us, becoming all that we can be.” I like that - doing the best we can with what we have. I’d also add that to be successful with anything, we need realistic expectations and an understanding of precisely what
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2:41
What Things in a Board Can Contribute to Sticker Shock?
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1:23
How Is the Altium Spirit Preserved?
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1:38
Greg Papandrew on His Involvement With the Scouts
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1:04
Greg Papandrew Shares a Real Life Cost Cutting Example
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Weekly Digest: Design Data Management
Dive deep into design data management this week with expert articles and VP of Marketing Lawrence Romine on the OnTrack Podcast. Learn all about the modern, streamlined experience that Concord Pro offers and the performance enhancements in Altium Designer 19.1 in this discussion between Romine and Judy Warner. New this week we also have Mark Harris, creator of the Celestial Database library, joining on as expert contributor to share his wisdom
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PCB Dimensions: Tolerance and the IPC
Here's where we boldly confront a grim reality - nothing is perfect in the real world. We do our best to maintain accuracy in our circuit board designs, but the manufacturing process produces imperfections. Our CAD systems assume a drill is perfectly centered in a round pad. It never is. We declare specific trace widths, and when we measure them on an actual board they are always slightly thinner or thicker than expected. Multiple layers are
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IPv6 and the Internet of Things
For a while now we’ve been told that IPv4 addresses (you know, the network addresses that look like 192.168.1.1) are running out. and, approximately three decades from now, there aren’t going to be enough of them left to go around. While we have reached the point of IPv4 being fully allocated at a high level, it's still easy to buy or lease IP addresses in any region, and ISPs are not turning down new customers because they cannot allocate them
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Autonomous Device for the Preventive Measurement of Soil Condition
My name is Piotr Lazarek. I’m a second-grade student of the secondary school “Filomata” in Gliwice. For over 5 years, I have been interested in physics, informatics, and technology. One year ago, when I was thinking about the focus of my project, I considered the idea of building a Mars rover. After further thought, I realized that there are dozens of competitions around the world in which hundreds of such vehicles have already been presented. I
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2:41
Greg Papandrew on the Services Better Board Buying Offers
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1:21
Greg Papandrew on Engineers Driving the Buying Process
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