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Serial Communications Protocols Part Six - I2C
In this next installment in our series on serial communications protocols, we’re looking at the popular I 2C protocol. This follows on from the preceding articles where we are looking at some of the different types of Serial Communication Protocols available. These provide a practical solution to the transfer of data between devices over reasonably short distances. Typical applications include the capture of large amounts of data from data
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Serial Communications Protocols Part 5 - SPI Standard
In this next article in our series that is looking at different types of Serial Communication Protocols, we will be looking at the popular SPI protocols. This is one of many popular protocols in common usage that we will be looking at. We will provide a useful summary of each type’s advantages and disadvantages at the end of this series. SPI stands for Serial Peripheral Interface. It is a serial communication bus commonly used for short-distance
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Designing 5G PCB Devices
The next stage in the evolution of mobile telephony is here with the roll-out of 5G. The designer looking to incorporate functionality to handle 5G signals into their circuits will face some challenging issues. So, what’s so special about 5G? The main change in the jump from 4G to 5G is the frequency band at which signals are transmitted. For 4G, this band covered 0.7 GHz up to 2.5 GHz. For 5G, this new band is an order of magnitude larger, with
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The Digital Engineer's Guide to RF PCB Design Guidelines: Layout and Routing
Read our guide to learn some of the best RF PCB design guidelines for layout and routing. We’ll also look at how simulation tools can help you evaluate your RF PCB layout.
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Serial Communications Protocols - Part Four: RS-485 and Baud Rates
In Part 4 of a series of articles about some of the popular Serial Communication Protocols, we explore the popular RS-485 protocol standard.
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All About Your PCB Trace Length: How Long is Too Long?
Learn more about PCB trace length and how transmission line losses mount in your designs.
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Design by Finding RF Interference Analysis with Altium
Radio frequency interference analysis is one important task in high frequency and high-speed PCB design. Interference at radio frequencies can arise due to many simple design errors, but these problems can be easy to spot with the right PCB design tools. When you need to identify areas of a design that can create RFI problems, an automated rules-driven toolset can help. If you’re unclear on what RFI is or how you can spot areas in a design that
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How to Design and Route Your RF Filter PCB Layout
RF PCBs and mixed-signal systems are challenging for many designers. Careful attention must be paid to the PCB stackup design, process for designing transmission lines, placement of components, and floorplanning the PCB layout to ensure predictable return path. Many RF PCB layout designs will include printed elements, like an RF filter, antenna, isolation structures, and unique waveguide geometries. RF systems can make copious use of RF filters
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How to Make Copper-Clad Boards With the Best PCB Layout Software
Some designers prefer to build their own prototypes in their home or company lab as it gives them a firsthand view of potential quality problems in their boards. While designers can go this route if they’re comfortable using etchants and cleaning solutions needed to remove copper from PCB laminates, they’ll need design tools to create their etching stencils. An at-home designer will need to procure PCB copper boards to use for etching and create
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Designing Coplanar Waveguide with Ground in Your PCB
RF designs that run at high frequency need high isolation from digital components, power subsystems, and external sources of noise that can degrade signal quality. One option in many RF designs is coplanar waveguide with ground as this can be used with controlled impedance routing on external layers. When you need to use coplanar waveguide with ground routing in your RF PCB designs, use the industry’s best set of routing features. Only Altium
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Taking a Modular PCB Design Approach in Altium Designer
PCB design is rarely discussed in terms of designing functional blocks or as connecting modules with different functionality. Simple designs can usually be designed without considering how your PCB layout affects the operation and interaction between multiple functional blocks in your board. With more complex designs, you’ll need to consider more than just the high-level overview of your board when you are designing a complex system. Modular PCB
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Modeling and Placing PCB Connectors Within Altium Designer
ALTIUM DESIGNER The most powerful, modern, and easy-to-use PCB design tool for professional use. I/O use connectors for PCB system integration In this guide to PCB connectors, we’ll take a look at connectors within electrical systems, how they benefit from ECAD/MCAD tools, and optimal design specifics like appropriate cable connectors or gold fingers gold plating. Connectors abound on printed circuit assemblies given integrated electrical
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How to Keep Your 3D PCB Models Current with Data Management Tools
Any component includes a significant amount of design data. This includes electrical design data management software, electrical models, 3D PCB model components, and PCB supplier information. Your PCB design software should be allowed to take this data and integrate it with your MCAD tools. This allows you to create 3D body models from your PCB footprints and integrate them into a data library. Ensuring that this data stays up to date takes a
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ESD Grounding Requirements in Your Next PCB
Any PCB that will be deployed in an environment surrounded by high voltage equipment or power sources is at risk of electrostatic discharge (ESD). Static electricity can also discharge directly into a board and ruin sensitive electronic components if a board is handled without a wrist strap. This induces a transient voltage in the PCB, which can cause damage to sensitive components. In extreme cases, such as lightning strikes or major power
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Designing Physical Layer Security for Military PCBs in Altium Designer
PCBs for military systems are high performing beasts that must meet stringent design and performance standards. Military systems that store and process sensitive data require extra layers of security that goes beyond locking them in a secure enclosure. You’ll need to design your Printed Circuit Boards to be extremely resistant to EMI, route data so that it cannot be tapped passively, and include blacked-out chips to prevent attackers from
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Changing PCB Reference Planes During Routing in Multilayer Boards
Routing through multiple PCB reference planes is not the best routing strategy, but there are some simple design tips that can help.
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Your Complete Guide to Via Stub Analysis
Via stub accumulate loss for high speed and high frequency signals. Here’s how you can spot problems with stubs and solve them easily.
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