EMI Shielding Techniques You Can Use in Your PCB Design Software

Zachariah Peterson
|  Created: July 8, 2021  |  Updated: December 23, 2022
EMI shielding techniques

Electromagnetic interference (EMI) is such a problem that governments around the world have placed limits on the amount of EMI an electronic device is allowed to generate or receive. Your electronic device needs to be designed to prevent unintentional radiation and suppress conducted noise up to a very high-frequency value. This is not a simple matter of adding filtering on every circuit in your PCB layout, it’s about considering the entire system and its construction.

Modern EMI shielding techniques in PCB design fall into two areas: board-level electromagnetic shielding and enclosure-level electromagnetic shielding. There are some board layout practices that can help ensure a design passes EMC tests, and there are some simple changes to an enclosure that can help prevent excessive EMI from being detected in the system. With the right PCB design software, designers can implement both sets of solutions and ensure their manufacturer has sufficient documentation to build the design correctly.

ALTIUM DESIGNER®

PCB design software with advanced layout tools to implement modern EMI shielding techniques.

Today’s modern devices must undergo electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) testing if they are ever to make it to market. The idea behind these tests is simple: measure electromagnetic radiation emitted from an electronic device and the resulting electromagnetic interference. In the event a board does not pass these tests, it needs to go back to the designer for rework, creating greater expense and more time to finish a new project. However, some basic design strategies can be implemented in your PCB design software to help you pass these tests successfully.

EMI shields can also be implemented in an enclosure in the event board-level solutions fail. If you’ve ever needed to rework a board and enclosure to implement these solutions, then you know how important it is to be efficient and quickly implement changes to a board. Altium Designer’s complete set of PCB layout features and MCAD collaboration suite are ideal tools you can use to implement both sets of EMI shielding techniques.

Implementing PCB EMI Shielding Techniques in Your Layout

There are some simple yet effective ways to apply EMI shielding techniques. There are some component and materials companies that supply specialty electromagnetic shielding materials targeting a range of frequencies. When initial methods like filters and best layout practices fail, you can use the following features in your PCB layout:

  • Metal circuit board shielding cans can be custom fabricated and mounted around noisy circuits to suppress excessive electromagnetic radiation.
  • Elastomer electromagnetic shielding materials can be used to target specific components and connectors in the PCB layout to suppress electromagnetic radiation.
  • High electrical conductivity mesh materials can be used as a flexible alternative to rigid shielding cans, particularly in flex or rigid-flex boards.
  • Replacing separated/star ground with uniform ground planes provides multiple grounding points and helps ensure conductive circuit board shielding materials can be grounded easily.
  • Ferrite beads, rods, and plates can be used as targeted EMI filters when conventional filter circuits fail.

These are some simple methods and components that can be accessed from various vendors and incorporated into your PCB design software. However, you should still make sure to implement some best practices in your PCB layout to ensure the design can pass EMC tests.

The Best PCB Layout Tools Help You Add EMI Shielding

Depending on how your PCB layout is arranged, it can also provide EMI shielding thanks to the arrangement of copper features in the design. How the design is routed and how the PCB stack-up is constructed will influence whether your electronic devices can pass EMC testing. With the best PCB layout utilities, such as those in Altium Designer, you can easily implement the best routing and layout practices to help you prevent EMI and apply additional EMI shielding materials in the design.

PCB layout EMI shielding materials
Altium Designer includes everything needed to create a high-quality PCB layout.

Enclosure-Level EMI Shielding Techniques

When board-level EMI shielding measures are ineffective, either because they cannot address a high-frequency range or because EMI is too intense, such as you might see in high current switching regulators. In this case, enclosure-level EMI shielding techniques can be used. These include:

  • Applying metal cans or mesh materials to mating surfaces to close gaps in an enclosure
  • Applying flexible elastomer materials to mating surfaces in harnesses and pipe fittings
  • Applying grounded mesh or metal sheets in a plastic enclosure to create a lightweight electromagnetic shielding cage
  • Using a high conductivity gasket EMI shielding material on circular mating surfaces

These solutions are simple, yet they are effective for preventing electromagnetic radiation from escaping an enclosure if EMI is a problem. These solutions tend to be broadband up to high frequency, and they tend to be cost-effective in that they generally don’t require modifying the PCB layout or require minor changes to an enclosure. All of these circuit board shielding, enclosure, and board-level requirements need to be communicated to the fabrication and assembly teams with standard documentation to ensure successful manufacturing.

A Complete Set of PCB Layout Features for Power Supply Designs

During volume production, your manufacturer and assembler need to know how you intend to use these materials and where they need to be applied. In order to ensure designers can implement these solutions without creating mechanical interferences, the mechanical design team needs to have access to the PCB in MCAD software to complete a backcheck with the EMI shielding materials added to the enclosure. In addition, the assembly needs to be aware of these requirements and they should be clearly communicated in standard drawings.

Altium Designer does more than give you the best PCB layout tools. Designers can import their boards into popular MCAD applications and design an enclosure around the board that includes shielding measures to suppress electromagnetic radiation and interference. Once enclosure requirements are defined, it’s easy to write these into standard assembly documents and drawings using the Draftsman utility in Altium Designer. You’ll have an entire toolset for product development and manufacturing.

EMI shielding materials manufacturing
Easily create and customize your fabrication and assembly documentation with EMI shielding material requirements using the Draftsman utility in Altium Designer.

A Complete Toolset for PCB EMI Shielding Design

Altium Designer is the industry’s premier PCB layout program that integrates with many other design applications. Thanks to the integration with SolidWorks, PCT Creo, Autodesk Inventor, and Fusion 360, PCB designers and mechanical teams can work together to implement EMI shielding techniques at the board level and enclosure level. Everything needed to quickly generate the required outputs from design data is included in Altium Designer, offering product development teams a complete solution for PCB design and manufacturing.

Stay Productive in Altium’s Rules-Driven PCB Design Software

Altium Designer’s circuit design, layout, and documentation features were built to work together thanks to its rules-driven design engine. No other design platform provides the same level of productivity or is as easy to use as Altium Designer. When you use Altium Designer, your design tools will help you catch design errors as you create your PCB layout, helping you stay productive in advanced electronics design.

EMI shielding techniques MCAD
Altium Designer includes everything you need to implement your EMI shielding techniques.

EMI reduction with electromagnetic shielding is a complex topic, but reducing electromagnetic radiation and interference in a PCB layout is critical for products that are taken to market. When you use the best PCB layout software that integrates with other industry-standard design applications, you can implement the EMI shielding techniques discussed here and take full control of your design. Make Altium Designer the cornerstone of your EMI suppression strategy with its complete set of PCB design tools.

Altium Designer on Altium 365 delivers an unprecedented amount of integration to the electronics industry until now relegated to the world of software development, allowing designers to work from home and reach unprecedented levels of efficiency.

We have only scratched the surface of what is possible to do with Altium Designer on Altium 365. You can check the product page for a more in-depth feature description or one of the On-Demand Webinars to learn more about EMI shields.

About Author

About Author

Zachariah Peterson has an extensive technical background in academia and industry. He currently provides research, design, and marketing services to companies in the electronics industry. Prior to working in the PCB industry, he taught at Portland State University and conducted research on random laser theory, materials, and stability. His background in scientific research spans topics in nanoparticle lasers, electronic and optoelectronic semiconductor devices, environmental sensors, and stochastics. His work has been published in over a dozen peer-reviewed journals and conference proceedings, and he has written 2500+ technical articles on PCB design for a number of companies. He is a member of IEEE Photonics Society, IEEE Electronics Packaging Society, American Physical Society, and the Printed Circuit Engineering Association (PCEA). He previously served as a voting member on the INCITS Quantum Computing Technical Advisory Committee working on technical standards for quantum electronics, and he currently serves on the IEEE P3186 Working Group focused on Port Interface Representing Photonic Signals Using SPICE-class Circuit Simulators.

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